Nous Explainers· 22 Jul 2026· 10:08

FIFA AT BORDERS: Power, Corruption, and Exclusion in WC2026

They call football as a sport the last neutral ground worldwide. But when the 2026 World Cup kicked off, the real matches weren't just played on the field—they happened at border checkpoints, in visa offices, and behind closed doors. From selective enforcement of "political neutrality" and differ…

Full Transcript

In July 2026, a player gets a red card. The rule is clear. He cannot play in the next match. FIFA itself says there is no way to appeal. Then the U.S. President calls the FIFA President and the suspension is lifted. Yes, this is for a review by FIFA. This is the first time since 1962 that a player could play the next World Cup match despite a red card. Seven months earlier, that same President was awarded FIFA's first Peace Prize. People say football is the world's last neutral space. But the 2026 World Cup wasn't played just on the pitch. It was played at border checkpoints, in design rooms, in VAR rooms, and on a phone call. Today we will see how the world's game became a playground for global politics. FIFA's rules include an article: Article 15. Every team and official must remain politically neutral. But FIFA has never clearly defined what neutral actually means. And that is the biggest question. Critics say by exploiting this gap, different standards are created for powerful nations. While rules are enforced more strictly on weaker nations. Actually, FIFA has taken political decisions before. From 1961 to 1992, for 31 years, South Africa was banned from FIFA due to apartheid. Meaning, the "no politics" rule was never really there. The real question is which politics matter, and FIFA decides that itself. FIFA President Gianni Infantino appeared at the Abraham Accords signing ceremony. In 2026, he also partnered with the Board of Peace. On the other hand, demands for action against the Israeli Football Association have been raised many times. But FIFA has not taken any action to this day. The response was that the matter is very complex according to international law. The same language often used by the governments of the U.S. and Israel. Whereas human rights organizations took this matter to the International Criminal Court. And in 2022, just days after Russia's attack on Ukraine, FIFA suspended Russian teams. One institution, two completely different reactions. Now, about the Peace Prize mentioned at the beginning. In December 2025, Infantino launched a new award. The FIFA Peace Prize; the first award was given to Donald Trump. FIFA, the football association, awards the 2026 FIFA Peace Prize to Donald J. Trump, President of the United States of America. At the Kennedy Center event, Infantino said this honor is for what you have achieved. In recognition of his exceptional and extraordinary actions to promote peace and unity around the world. This decision raised many questions because at that same time, Trump's name was being linked to Israel's military campaign in Gaza, which many governments, UN experts, and human rights organizations have accused of serious genocide. Infantino has his own logic. A World Cup is impossible without good relations with that government. But is there any difference left between building good relations and bending the rules? Decide for yourself. In July 2026, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu was asked in a podcast. Which team is he supporting? Before mentioning Messi or the Argentine football team, he named Argentine President Javier Milei. He described him as a supporter of the free market and a close friend of Israel. In other words, a national team was openly linked to political support. No reaction from FIFA. In the 2022 World Cup, many European teams wore protest armbands. Some covered their mouths in front of cameras. Western media called it bravery. But in 2026, the US, the biggest military supporter of the Gaza war and mired in border policy questions, saw those same teams now silent. Meanwhile, in Seattle, before the Iran-Egypt match, reporters kept asking both teams questions about LGBTQ+ rights. FIFA officials repeatedly tried to keep the conversation limited to football. This is how teams from poor or weak countries are often expected to criticize their own governments. But players from America, Britain, France, or Germany are rarely asked what their opinion is on their country's foreign policy, weapon sales, or border policies. Accountability is not demanded equally from everyone. Now let's move to the economics. Predictions are that FIFA will earn nearly 13 billion dollars in this cycle. Historical profits from the 48-team format are also considered part of that strategy. The US is now FIFA's biggest broadcast market. US broadcast rights value increased by about 94% in this cycle, and 14 of the 26 sponsors are American companies. Meanwhile, in 2024, Saudi Arabia's Aramco joined as a top sponsor, and that same year, Saudi Arabia was awarded the 2034 World Cup. Now, follow the money trail. It won't seem like a coincidence anymore. FIFA does not want to upset its biggest partners. Now let's come to the most controversial part of the tournament. Before it started, referee Omar Artan did not get a US visa. The reason was suspicion of terror links. The allegations were never proven. FIFA remained silent. The Argentina-Egypt match ended 3-2. But the talk wasn't about the win. There was talk of a disallowed goal, a controversial foul, and the inconsistent use of VAR. The Egypt coach gestured 'X' at the referee and even called the tournament fixed. A few days later, Switzerland's Breel Embolo received a red card due to mistaken identity. His coach described it as a disaster. And then, that phone call with which we started this video. The player, America's Folarin Balogun; the caller, Donald Trump; and Trump himself revealed this. The card remained on record, but FIFA suspended the punishment under Article 27 and placed Balogun on probation. The same rule was previously applied in the cases of Cristiano Ronaldo, Nicolás Otamendi, and Caicedo. The question was, a sitting president who had already received FIFA's first Peace Prize. Was calling the FIFA president directly. UEFA called it a dangerous precedent. Meanwhile, Belgium's appeal was dismissed on a technicality. The system is the same, but the results aren't the same for everyone. Now let's talk about the story off the pitch. The Haiti team had to change their kit just hours before the match. It bore the symbol of the 1804 revolution that made Haiti the world's first free Black republic. FIFA called it too political. While national and military flags kept flying in American stadiums without objection. Due to travel bans, most Iranian fans couldn't even make it. Players and coaches arrived under strict visa rules. Some had to return on the same day. One player's visa expired in the middle of the tournament. Months before the cross, Iran had already boycotted. The US had not granted visas to their federation officials. FIFA did not take a strict stance. Meanwhile, fans from Tunisia, Algeria, and Cape Verde were asked for visa bonds of up to $5,000. The DR Congo team was kept in quarantine for 21 days. South African fans remained stuck in visa backlogs for months. And many African journalists couldn't cover the entire tournament. Now the most important question: Gaza. It is reported that over 1,000 Palestinian athletes, coaches, and sports officials have been killed. This includes more than 34 registered football players. Former international player Mohammed Barakat, Olympic coach Hani Al-Masdar, and stadiums like Al-Yarmouk were either reduced to rubble or turned into detention sites. Human rights groups and the Palestinian Football Association call this "sporticide." Remember, action against Russia came within a few days. But complaints related to Gaza remained pending for months. Human rights organization FairSquare has filed a formal complaint against Infantino with the IOC Ethics Commission. This Pagong case has damaged the neutrality principle that every IOC member signs. The IOC is currently reviewing this complaint. This decision will determine if 2026 was an exception or the new normal of 2013. Finally, an interesting point: who uncovered the biggest corruption scandal in FIFA's history in 2015? The FBI, the US Justice Department, and the IRS. And in 2026, the punishment is halted by a single phone call from the president of that same government. Perhaps the football pitch was never truly neutral to begin with. It has always been a mirror to the world. And in 2026, that mirror left us with a question. Who is actually allowed to play politics and who has to pay the price for it?

Companion article

A phone call and a red card

In July 2026, American forward Folarin Balogun was shown a red card. FIFA's rules are unambiguous: a sent-off player cannot play the following match, and there is no appeal. Yet Balogun played on. By Trump's own account, the U.S. president called FIFA president Gianni Infantino, and the suspension was lifted, the card left on record but the punishment suspended under Article 27, Balogun placed on probation. It was the first time since 1962 that a player facing a red card was cleared to play the next match. Seven months earlier, that same president had received FIFA's inaugural Peace Prize.

A neutrality rule nobody defines

FIFA's statutes contain Article 15, requiring every team and official to remain politically neutral. But FIFA has never spelled out what neutrality means, and that gap is where the argument lives. Critics say the vagueness lets FIFA apply looser standards to powerful nations while enforcing rules more strictly on weaker ones. The claim that football stays above politics does not survive FIFA's own record: from 1961 to 1992, South Africa was banned over apartheid, a 31-year political decision by a body that insists it does not do politics. The real question is not whether FIFA takes political stances, but which politics it notices.

Whose politics count

Infantino appeared at the signing ceremony for the Abraham Accords and, in 2026, partnered FIFA with the Board of Peace. Meanwhile, repeated calls for action against the Israeli Football Association have gone nowhere; FIFA calls the matter legally complex, language that echoes the U.S. and Israeli governments, even as human rights organizations pursued it at the International Criminal Court. Compare that with 2022: within days of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, FIFA suspended Russian teams outright — one institution, two entirely different responses to two wars. In December 2025, at a Kennedy Center ceremony, Infantino awarded the first FIFA Peace Prize to Trump, praising his "exceptional and extraordinary actions to promote peace and unity." The award landed as Trump's name was tied to Israel's military campaign in Gaza, which governments, UN experts, and rights groups have accused of genocide. Infantino's justification: a World Cup is impossible without good relations with the host government. Whether that differs from bending FIFA's rules for it is an open question.

The selectivity showed up off the pitch too. Asked which team he supported, Netanyahu named Argentine President Javier Milei, a self-described friend of Israel, before mentioning Lionel Messi at all — a fusion of a national team with political endorsement that drew no response from FIFA. At the 2022 World Cup, European players who wore protest armbands were cast by Western media as brave; in 2026, American players, from the biggest military backer of the Gaza war, were conspicuously silent. In Seattle, reporters pressed the Iran and Egypt teams on LGBTQ+ rights while FIFA officials steered talk back to football. Teams from poorer countries are routinely expected to answer for their governments; players from America, Britain, France, or Germany rarely are.

Follow the money

FIFA is projected to earn close to $13 billion this cycle, a figure the expanded 48-team format was designed to help deliver. The United States is now FIFA's largest broadcast market, U.S. rights values up roughly 94 percent, and 14 of FIFA's 26 sponsors are American companies. In 2024, Saudi Arabia's Aramco joined as a top-tier sponsor; that same year, Saudi Arabia was awarded the 2034 World Cup. The sequence looks less like coincidence than incentive: FIFA has strong commercial reasons not to upset the governments and companies now underwriting the tournament.

One rulebook, uneven outcomes

Before the tournament, referee Omar Artan was denied a U.S. visa over unproven suspicions of terror links, and FIFA said nothing. The Argentina-Egypt match, which Argentina won 3-2, was overshadowed by a disallowed goal, a contested foul, and inconsistent VAR calls; Egypt's coach gestured at the referee and called the tournament fixed. Days later, Switzerland's Breel Embolo was sent off in a case of mistaken identity his own coach called a disaster. Then came the Balogun call. UEFA described the intervention as a dangerous precedent, noting FIFA had previously applied the same Article 27 mechanism to Cristiano Ronaldo, Nicolás Otamendi, and Caicedo — but this time a sitting head of state, freshly awarded FIFA's own peace prize, phoned the FIFA president directly. Around the same period, Belgium's appeal against a separate decision was dismissed on a technicality. The rulebook was identical in every case; the outcomes were not.

Borders, visas, and a banned jersey

Hours before its match, Haiti's team was forced to change a kit bearing the symbol of the 1804 revolution that made Haiti the world's first free Black republic; FIFA judged it too political, even as national and military flags flew unchallenged in American stadiums. Travel bans kept most Iranian fans away entirely, while players and officials who did arrive faced strict visa conditions, some forced to leave the same day; months earlier, Iran had already boycotted over the U.S. refusal to grant visas to its federation officials, and FIFA took no firm stance. Fans from Tunisia, Algeria, and Cape Verde were asked for visa bonds of up to $5,000, the DR Congo squad was quarantined for 21 days, South African supporters were stuck in visa backlogs for months, and African journalists could not cover the tournament in full.

Gaza's uncounted dead

The starkest contrast concerns Gaza. Reports put the number of Palestinian athletes, coaches, and sports officials killed at over 1,000, including more than 34 registered footballers, among them former international Mohammed Barakat and Olympic coach Hani Al-Masdar; stadiums including Al-Yarmouk were destroyed or repurposed as detention sites. Human rights groups and the Palestinian Football Association call this "sporticide." Where FIFA suspended Russia within days of its invasion of Ukraine, complaints tied to Gaza sat unresolved for months. FairSquare has filed a formal complaint against Infantino with the IOC's Ethics Commission, arguing his conduct undermines the neutrality principle every IOC member signs; the IOC says it is reviewing the complaint.

A mirror, not a sanctuary

It is worth remembering who exposed FIFA's biggest corruption scandal in 2015: the FBI, the U.S. Justice Department, and the IRS. Eleven years later, a single phone call from the president of that same government halted a disciplinary punishment. Football has long been called the world's last neutral space; the 2026 World Cup, played as much at border checkpoints and in VAR rooms as on the pitch, suggested otherwise. The game was never neutral — it simply reflected whoever held the most leverage over it. What 2026 leaves behind is a harder question than any scoreline: who is allowed to play politics, and who pays the price for it.

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